[China Glass Network] How to better save energy in glass kiln? It is a problem for many enterprises now. Let me talk about my own point of view and hope to help everyone.
The glass factory is a big energy consumer. The main energy consuming part of the glass factory is the glass kiln (which consumes more than 75% of the total energy consumption). Therefore, it is imperative to pay attention to the energy saving of glass furnaces. In the past few years, we have taken many energy-saving measures in the frit side, feeding system, combustion system, kiln structure, kiln insulation, waste heat utilization, operation control, etc., and achieved great results. The fuel consumption indicators of many factories have dropped significantly. Some factories have reached the level of a first-class furnace or a special furnace. However, compared with foreign countries, there is still a big gap. So we have to work hard to further reduce energy consumption. Here are a few ways to save energy:
Increase the temperature of the glass before the flame temperature is raised
When the temperature of the molten glass is increased, the melting speed can be accelerated and the melting time can be shortened, which increases the yield and reduces the unit consumption. The specific method is:
(1) Increasing the radiant heat of the flame space to the molten glass.
1. The glass liquid selectively absorbs radiant energy. The permeable liquid of less than 3 microns wavelength faces down. It is the carbon particles in the flame and the inner wall surface of the kiln space that can eject radiant energy of less than 3 microns. Therefore, increase the blackness of the flame (by oxygen-free heat or carbon increase measures) and maintain the high blackness value of the kiln masonry (related to the roughness and temperature of the masonry surface. Black of clay bricks and silica bricks at high temperatures) The degree values ​​are: 0.61-0.62 at 1000 °C, 0.52-0.53 at 1200 °C, and 0.47-0.49 at 1400 °C. The blackness value of the fused refractory brick at high temperature is 0.4-0.5), which can increase the flame space to the molten glass. Radiant heat.
2. Eliminate the "cold air" membrane near the liquid surface. Pay attention to the liquid level of the bottom of the furnace and the angle of flame spray. It is also conceivable to use oxygen blowing and melting measures (the foreign heat is blown at a speed of 195-500 m/s to accelerate the heat transfer rate, and the flame temperature near the liquid surface is increased by about 100 °C).
(2) Increasing the temperature or temperature uniformity of the molten glass in the kiln.
The idea is to reduce the liquid surface temperature to increase the heat transfer of the flame to the molten glass. When the liquid surface temperature is lowered, the temperature uniformity of the glass liquid in the depth direction of the pool is also improved. The measures to be taken to achieve the above viewpoints are: 1. Bubbling at the bottom of the pool (note the purification of the bubbling medium and the erosion of the bubbling bricks). 2. Deepen the depth of the pool. The vertical convection can be aggravated, and the temperature uniformity of the molten glass at the depth of the pool is improved. It also adapts to the increase in melting rate. 3. Kiln insulation. 4. Electric fluxing.
Second, shallow clarification, deep reclaiming, control flow in a single channel DC direction
This is from the viewpoint of increasing the temperature of the glass in the clarification zone, reducing the reflux and selecting a high-quality glass liquid into the fluid hole. This increases the yield, quality and loss of reflux glass. The measures to be taken to achieve the above viewpoint are: set a short kiln to reduce the sinking fluid hole below the clarifier (not sinking when melting dark materials).
Third, enhanced homogenization
Most factories report that homogenization is a key process that affects product quality. At present, the process of homogenization is basically in a state of “congenital deficiency and acquired disorderâ€. It is difficult to maintain the uniformity after mixing in the kiln after mixing into the kiln, resulting in uneven composition. The thermal permeability of the molten glass and the heat dissipation from the kiln to the surroundings cause temperature unevenness. It is obviously unsatisfactory to rely solely on natural diffusion for homogenization. To this end, measures must be taken to enforce the homogenization. The currently effective measures are: low bubble in the pool (more obvious for dark materials), mixing of the material channel, discharge of the working material or the bottom of the material channel (with leakage holes) and electric heating of the material channel. Pay attention to the stirring point position\mixer insertion depth and mixing process, otherwise the ideal effect will not be obtained. The material of the domestic stirrer is an urgent problem to be solved. The surface liquid flow can not only enhance the lateral flow, improve the temperature uniformity, but also pull away. The dirty material and crust of the liquid surface. The ear length should be appropriate, do not cause too much heat loss, and the blowdown can be continuous or intermittent. Electric heating can significantly improve the temperature uniformity in the depth direction of the channel pool, but the temperature distribution to the horizontal plane does not necessarily improve. The shape of the electrode, the determination of the glass liquid resistance between the electric base, and the method of electrode adjustment, installation, and maintenance are problems to be taken when heating. At the same time as the mandatory homogenization measures are taken, the role of natural proliferation must still be fully utilized. Therefore, in the design is to carefully consider the size of the work section and the length of the feed channel.
Fourth, stable feed <br> <br> gob shape, size and temperature stability is the premise of ensuring the quality and yield of the molding. The degree of separation between the feed channel and the work section, as well as the section, size, insulation, heating system and cooling system of the channel are the main factors affecting the stable supply. The full separation between the feed channel and the working part enables the material channel to maintain an independent operating system without interference. Some factories do not need to be completely separated, and it is debatable to heat the material channel by the heat of the melting part. The saddle shape of the bottom section of the channel can reduce the lateral temperature difference. Appropriately deepening the bowl can increase the static head and make the gob temperature more stable. The length and width of the channel are determined according to the amount of flow and the size of the output. The longer the feed channel is advantageous for adjusting the temperature, and can adapt to the change of the flow amount in a larger range. The heat dissipation of the material channel is very large, especially at the basin. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the insulation. The heating and cooling system should be able to adjust the temperature of the glass liquid in a flexible and reliable manner and maintain the temperature uniformity. The cooling system acts as a coarse adjustment and the heating system acts as a fine adjustment. Most people think that a combination of multi-nozzle gas heating and electric heating is ideal.
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